Anti-Trend
Nonconformist Geek
Adding & Removing Software and Repositories
A Bit About URPMI
I am going to briefly cover the excellent software management tool of Mandriva Linux, urpmi. Urpmi is a program that makes installing, removing, and updating software easy and convenient. It is also integral to keeping a Mandriva system up to date, and you can even use it to upgrade from one version of Mandriva to a newer one. There are two ways to utilize this tool: via the command line interface (also called the CLI), or by using the graphical front-end in the Mandriva Control Center. In this exercise we'll cover the basics of both methods, as they both have their advantages. But before we can move on to that, we must first discuss repositories.
Repositories Explained
Repositories are collections of software which are provided specifically for a particular operating system. In this case, they are pre-packed by Mandriva staff or volunteers for a particular version of Mandriva Linux, and are signed with a special key to verify that the packages are clean & whole. These repositories are hosted on various servers all over the world, and are classified by the nature of their content. For instance, the 'main' mirror contains exactly the same content which would be found on the Mandriva installation discs. Main is useful as a replacement for the installation media, remote installations, and can even be used to upgrade an older version of Mandriva to a later one (more on that in a later tutorial). The 'contrib' mirror proves a vast array of software that is not part of the core software provided by Mandriva, but is packaged purely by volunteers. Contrib is an extremely useful repository. Similar to contrib is the plf (Penguin Liberation Front). This is separated into plf-free and plf-nonfree. So called 'plf-free' packages are those that were not included in the official mirrors for various legal or political reasons, but are usually not proprietary in nature. The 'plf-nonfree' packages are in the same general situation as those in plf-free, except they are also encumbered by proprietary licenses or patents. And possibly the most important repository of all is 'update', which provides security patches and bugfixes. There's also 'jpackage', but if you don't already know what it is, you probably don't need it. Finally we have the 'SoS' or 'SeerOfSouls' repository, which is a special set of cutting-edge applications which are backported from the development version of Mandriva to the latest stable version. This gives the user an excellent balance between being very current and yet not having to deal with typical 'beta' problems associated with development OS versions.
Setting Up Repositories
To get started, visit any one of the following sites :
If you want to add the SoS mirrors, they can be found here:
http://seerofsouls.org/rpm2006.html
Select your version (e.g. 2005 LE or 2006) and your architecture (x86_64 for a 64 bit OS, i586 for 32-bit OS, etc). Next, select your mirrors from the list and make sure you put a check mark beside the ones you're going to use. As far as the mirrors, I would use something in Europe. Personally, I usually use something in Norway or the Netherlands. When you proceed to step 3, it will give you a small list, which will looking something similar to this:
Copy and paste the text from their list into a console while you are root. An easy way to do this is to highlight it and middle click while focused on a console. Either do this one line at a time, or append && between each command and Linux will treat it like one long command. Once you've got your repositories chosen and configured, we can proceed.
If this part was confusing to you, don't sweat it. Just run my Quick Start Script in the article below and you'll already have all of the repositories you need.
Installing Software via CLI
In our example we'll be installing XChat, an excellent graphical IRC client for Linux, but the same principle applies for any software you might want to install. First, we'll do it the CLI way. At this point you should open your favorite terminal program. You'll need root privileges to install software system-wide:
Next we'll ask urpmi to install Xchat, automatically taking care of any dependencies and verifying the integrity of the package along the way:
...yep, that's it. If you decided later that you didn't want xchat, you would simply type the following (as root of course):
all of the entries, icons, etc for the program Xchat would be automatically removed.
Installing Software Graphically
Finally, I'll touch on using the Mandriva Control Center to add/remove software. To access mcc graphically, click: Menu ==> System ==> Configuration ==> Configure Your Computer. Alternately you can launch mcc from the CLI by typing:
Once you have mcc up, click on Software Management.

Afterwards, click on Install Software. Change the search option to All packages, by group to see all software available to you (based upon the repositories you have set up).

In the search dialog, type xchat. Under the search results, click the box next to xchat. Finally, click Install. If you found later on that you wanted to remove xchat, you would run mcc again, click on Software Management, and this time choose Remove Software. In other words, the procedure for removing software is nearly identical to adding it.
For more detailed information on urpmi, type the following in a terminal:
All the best,
-AT
A Bit About URPMI
I am going to briefly cover the excellent software management tool of Mandriva Linux, urpmi. Urpmi is a program that makes installing, removing, and updating software easy and convenient. It is also integral to keeping a Mandriva system up to date, and you can even use it to upgrade from one version of Mandriva to a newer one. There are two ways to utilize this tool: via the command line interface (also called the CLI), or by using the graphical front-end in the Mandriva Control Center. In this exercise we'll cover the basics of both methods, as they both have their advantages. But before we can move on to that, we must first discuss repositories.
Repositories Explained
Repositories are collections of software which are provided specifically for a particular operating system. In this case, they are pre-packed by Mandriva staff or volunteers for a particular version of Mandriva Linux, and are signed with a special key to verify that the packages are clean & whole. These repositories are hosted on various servers all over the world, and are classified by the nature of their content. For instance, the 'main' mirror contains exactly the same content which would be found on the Mandriva installation discs. Main is useful as a replacement for the installation media, remote installations, and can even be used to upgrade an older version of Mandriva to a later one (more on that in a later tutorial). The 'contrib' mirror proves a vast array of software that is not part of the core software provided by Mandriva, but is packaged purely by volunteers. Contrib is an extremely useful repository. Similar to contrib is the plf (Penguin Liberation Front). This is separated into plf-free and plf-nonfree. So called 'plf-free' packages are those that were not included in the official mirrors for various legal or political reasons, but are usually not proprietary in nature. The 'plf-nonfree' packages are in the same general situation as those in plf-free, except they are also encumbered by proprietary licenses or patents. And possibly the most important repository of all is 'update', which provides security patches and bugfixes. There's also 'jpackage', but if you don't already know what it is, you probably don't need it. Finally we have the 'SoS' or 'SeerOfSouls' repository, which is a special set of cutting-edge applications which are backported from the development version of Mandriva to the latest stable version. This gives the user an excellent balance between being very current and yet not having to deal with typical 'beta' problems associated with development OS versions.
Setting Up Repositories
To get started, visit any one of the following sites :
If you want to add the SoS mirrors, they can be found here:
http://seerofsouls.org/rpm2006.html
Select your version (e.g. 2005 LE or 2006) and your architecture (x86_64 for a 64 bit OS, i586 for 32-bit OS, etc). Next, select your mirrors from the list and make sure you put a check mark beside the ones you're going to use. As far as the mirrors, I would use something in Europe. Personally, I usually use something in Norway or the Netherlands. When you proceed to step 3, it will give you a small list, which will looking something similar to this:
Code:
urpmi.addmedia main ftp://ftp.uio.no/linux/Mandrakelinux/official/2005/i586/media/main with media_info/hdlist.cz
urpmi.addmedia contrib ftp://ftp.uio.no/linux/Mandrakelinux/official/2005/i586/media/contrib with media_info/hdlist.cz
urpmi.addmedia --update updates ftp://ftp.uninett.no/pub/unix/Linux/Mandrakelinux/official/updates/LE2005/main_updates/ with media_info/hdlist.cz
urpmi.addmedia plf-free ftp://plf.time4t.net/pub/plf/mandrake/free/10.2 with hdlist.cz
urpmi.addmedia plf-nonfree ftp://plf.time4t.net/pub/plf/mandrake/non-free/10.2 with hdlist.cz
If this part was confusing to you, don't sweat it. Just run my Quick Start Script in the article below and you'll already have all of the repositories you need.
Installing Software via CLI
In our example we'll be installing XChat, an excellent graphical IRC client for Linux, but the same principle applies for any software you might want to install. First, we'll do it the CLI way. At this point you should open your favorite terminal program. You'll need root privileges to install software system-wide:
Code:
su – root
Code:
urpmi xchat
Code:
urpme xchat
Installing Software Graphically
Finally, I'll touch on using the Mandriva Control Center to add/remove software. To access mcc graphically, click: Menu ==> System ==> Configuration ==> Configure Your Computer. Alternately you can launch mcc from the CLI by typing:
Code:
mcc

Afterwards, click on Install Software. Change the search option to All packages, by group to see all software available to you (based upon the repositories you have set up).

In the search dialog, type xchat. Under the search results, click the box next to xchat. Finally, click Install. If you found later on that you wanted to remove xchat, you would run mcc again, click on Software Management, and this time choose Remove Software. In other words, the procedure for removing software is nearly identical to adding it.
For more detailed information on urpmi, type the following in a terminal:
Code:
man urpmi
All the best,
-AT





















