To live somewhere permanently you need citizenship.
Its really hard to get citizenship even if your going to Australia.
I think you have prove you are a credit to the country.... ie you can work without hinder etc. Also you have to go there and stay there. I know someone who moved to australia to manage a bank. Shes been there for 10 years now and has only been back to the UK once, simply because she isnt allowed. You have to stay in the country for the long term. No going there, filling in forms and then coming home for a bit!
She is only just about to get a passport.
I think if you can prove you have close ties to a foreign country, ie your mum and dad are american you can apply for dual citizenship but you have to get someone of authority to endorse you. This lad I know who went to america is maltese and they (his brother and sister too) had to get a maltese mp to sign thier papers. But it was a quick process, they literally got a maltese passport through the post a few months later. To be honest they own property over there and all that so maybe that was an exceptionally easy scenario.
Dont be fooled by the close relationships between countries, it doesnt make it quicker or easier. My friend in Australia proved that!
You can get short term working permits though. I have worked with South Africans and Australians who got over no problems at all. There were 6-7 south africans who came to lay drains with us. They lived in a caravan on site for months one end to save cash and were saying how its hotter here than in SA! Its when we had those near to 40'c days.
Here we all are working hard, getting stoned and driving heavy machinery as always :)
http://www.hardwareforums.com/gallery/showimage.php?i=591&c=3
They were saying how far the money would go in SA. One pointed at my bike boots asking the price. I payed £180ish for them and he said in SA they would cost the equivalent of £700 over here! Nows the time to move to the US. $2 for every £.... lovely!
I suppose I should backup my point in my last post.... go to citizens advice. You can usually get and couple of hours with a solicitor for free if you go there too.
Ive only just noticed your Canadian! Surely you have some sort of citizens advice in canada?